Diabetic Retinopathy

Understanding Diabetic Retinopathy: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Diabetic Retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes that affects the retina—the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye responsible for vision. It develops when prolonged high blood sugar levels damage the tiny blood vessels of the retina, causing them to swell, leak, or close off completely. In some cases, abnormal new blood vessels may grow on the retina, leading to serious vision problems. If left untreated, diabetic retinopathy can result in permanent vision loss or blindness.

In the early stages, diabetic retinopathy may not cause noticeable symptoms. As the condition progresses, patients may experience blurry or fluctuating vision, dark spots, floaters, difficulty seeing at night, or even sudden vision loss. The risk of developing diabetic retinopathy increases with the duration of diabetes, poor blood sugar control, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking. Because symptoms often appear only in advanced stages, routine eye examinations are crucial for early detection and prevention.

At Eyezone Eye Hospital, we provide comprehensive care for diabetic eye diseases, including early screening, accurate diagnosis, and advanced treatment options. Our expert team, led by Dr. Syed Siddique Hussain, uses cutting-edge diagnostic tools like optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein angiography to assess the extent of retinal damage. Depending on the severity, treatment may include laser photocoagulation to seal leaking vessels, anti-VEGF injections to reduce abnormal blood vessel growth, or vitrectomy surgery to remove blood and scar tissue. Controlling blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol is essential in managing the condition. Regular follow-up with an ophthalmologist can significantly reduce the risk of vision loss, making early intervention the key to protecting your eyesight.